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Book
District of Columbia community health needs assessment
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ISBN: 0833082000 0833080539 9780833082008 9780833080530 Year: 2013 Publisher: Santa Monica, California : RAND Corporation,

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Delivery of Health Care --- Health Services Research --- Mid-Atlantic Region --- Health Planning --- Publication Formats --- Behavior --- Demography --- Resource Allocation --- Population Characteristics --- Sociology --- Health Services Accessibility --- Health Care --- Health Care Quality, Access, and Evaluation --- Health Care Economics and Organizations --- Social Sciences --- Economics --- Publication Characteristics --- United States --- Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms --- Epidemiologic Measurements --- Patient Care Management --- Public Health --- North America --- Health Services Administration --- Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena --- Psychiatry and Psychology --- Environment and Public Health --- Americas --- Geographic Locations --- Geographicals --- Health Care Rationing --- Health Behavior --- Healthcare Disparities --- Health Services Needs and Demand --- Health Status --- Socioeconomic Factors --- District of Columbia --- Statistics --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Medical Statistics --- Level of Health --- Health Level --- Health Levels --- Status, Health --- Health Services Needs --- Needs --- Needs and Demand, Health Services --- Target Population --- Health Services Need --- Need, Health Services --- Needs, Health Services --- Population, Target --- Populations, Target --- Target Populations --- Health Care Disparities --- Health Care Inequalities --- Healthcare Disparity --- Healthcare Inequalities --- Disparities, Healthcare --- Disparities, Health Care --- Disparity, Health Care --- Disparity, Healthcare --- Health Care Disparity --- Health Care Inequality --- Healthcare Inequality --- Inequalities, Health Care --- Inequalities, Healthcare --- Inequality, Health Care --- Inequality, Healthcare --- Behavior, Health --- Behaviors, Health --- Health Behaviors --- Healthcare Rationing --- Rationing, Health Care --- Rationing, Healthcare --- Administration, Health Services --- Health Services --- Factors, Socioeconomic --- High-Income Population --- Inequalities --- Land Tenure --- Standard of Living --- Factor, Socioeconomic --- High Income Population --- High-Income Populations --- Inequality --- Living Standard --- Living Standards --- Population, High-Income --- Populations, High-Income --- Socioeconomic Factor --- Tenure, Land --- Environment, Preventive Medicine & Public Health --- Environment, Preventive Medicine and Public Health --- Health, Public --- Care Management, Patient --- Management, Patient Care --- Measurements, Epidemiologic --- Epidemiologic Measurement --- Measurement, Epidemiologic --- Capital --- Conditions, Economic --- Consumption --- Cost of Living --- Easterlin Hypothesis --- Economic Conditions --- Economic Factors --- Economic Policies --- Economic Policy --- Economics, Home --- Factors, Economic --- Home Economics --- Household Consumption --- Macroeconomic Factors --- Microeconomic Factors --- Policies, Economic --- Policy, Economic --- Production --- Remittances --- Utility Theory --- Consumer Price Index --- Condition, Economic --- Consumer Price Indices --- Consumption, Household --- Economic Condition --- Economic Factor --- Factor, Economic --- Factor, Macroeconomic --- Factor, Microeconomic --- Factors, Macroeconomic --- Factors, Microeconomic --- Household Consumptions --- Hypothesis, Easterlin --- Index, Consumer Price --- Indices, Consumer Price --- Living Cost --- Living Costs --- Remittance --- Theories, Utility --- Theory, Utility --- Utility Theories --- Science, Social --- Sciences, Social --- Social Science --- Healthcare Economics and Organizations --- Healthcare Quality, Access, and Evaluation --- Community-Based Distribution --- Contraceptive Distribution --- Delivery of Healthcare --- Dental Care Delivery --- Distribution, Non-Clinical --- Distribution, Nonclinical --- Distributional Activities --- Healthcare --- Healthcare Delivery --- Healthcare Systems --- Non-Clinical Distribution --- Nonclinical Distribution --- Delivery of Dental Care --- Health Care Delivery --- Health Care Systems --- Activities, Distributional --- Activity, Distributional --- Care, Health --- Community Based Distribution --- Community-Based Distributions --- Contraceptive Distributions --- Deliveries, Healthcare --- Delivery, Dental Care --- Delivery, Health Care --- Delivery, Healthcare --- Distribution, Community-Based --- Distribution, Contraceptive --- Distribution, Non Clinical --- Distributional Activity --- Distributions, Community-Based --- Distributions, Contraceptive --- Distributions, Non-Clinical --- Distributions, Nonclinical --- Health Care System --- Healthcare Deliveries --- Healthcare System --- Non Clinical Distribution --- Non-Clinical Distributions --- Nonclinical Distributions --- System, Health Care --- System, Healthcare --- Systems, Health Care --- Systems, Healthcare --- Accessibility, Health Services --- Contraceptive Availability --- Health Services Geographic Accessibility --- Program Accessibility --- Access to Health Care --- Accessibility of Health Services --- Availability of Health Services --- Accessibility, Program --- Availability, Contraceptive --- Health Services Availability --- General Social Development and Population --- Action Research --- Health Services Evaluation --- Healthcare Research --- Research, Medical Care --- Health Care Research --- Medical Care Research --- Research, Health Services --- Evaluation, Health Services --- Evaluations, Health Services --- Health Services Evaluations --- Research, Action --- Research, Health Care --- Research, Healthcare --- Population Heterogeneity --- Population Statistics --- Characteristic, Population --- Characteristics, Population --- Heterogeneity, Population --- Population Characteristic --- Statistics, Population --- Allocation of Resources --- Allocative Efficiency --- Allocation, Resource --- Allocations, Resource --- Efficiency, Allocative --- Resource Allocations --- Resources Allocation --- Accounting, Demographic --- Analyses, Demographic --- Analyses, Multiregional --- Analysis, Period --- Brass Technic --- Brass Technique --- Demographers --- Demographic Accounting --- Demographic Analysis --- Demographic Factor --- Demographic Factors --- Demographic Impact --- Demographic Impacts --- Demographic Survey --- Demographic Surveys --- Demographic and Health Surveys --- Demographics --- Demography, Historical --- Demography, Prehistoric --- Factor, Demographic --- Factors, Demographic --- Family Reconstitution --- Historical Demography --- Impact, Demographic --- Impacts, Demographic --- Multiregional Analysis --- Period Analysis --- Population Spatial Distribution --- Prehistoric Demography --- Reverse Survival Method --- Stable Population Method --- Survey, Demographic --- Surveys, Demographic --- Population Distribution --- Analyses, Period --- Analysis, Demographic --- Analysis, Multiregional --- Demographer --- Demographic Analyses --- Demographies, Historical --- Demographies, Prehistoric --- Distribution, Population --- Distribution, Population Spatial --- Distributions, Population --- Distributions, Population Spatial --- Family Reconstitutions --- Historical Demographies --- Method, Reverse Survival --- Method, Stable Population --- Methods, Reverse Survival --- Methods, Stable Population --- Multiregional Analyses --- Period Analyses --- Population Distributions --- Population Methods, Stable --- Population Spatial Distributions --- Prehistoric Demographies --- Reconstitution, Family --- Reconstitutions, Family --- Reverse Survival Methods --- Spatial Distribution, Population --- Spatial Distributions, Population --- Stable Population Methods --- Technic, Brass --- Technique, Brass --- Acceptance Process --- Acceptance Processes --- Behaviors --- Process, Acceptance --- Processes, Acceptance --- PL93-641 --- Public Law 93-641 --- Health and Welfare Planning --- National Health Planning and Resources Development Act of 1974 --- Planning, Health and Welfare --- State Health Planning, United States --- Planning, Health --- Public Law 93 641 --- organization & administration --- Health Care Sector --- Healthy Lifestyle --- Health Promotion --- Life Style --- Health Resources --- Patient Selection --- Community Health --- Health, Community --- Preventive Medicine --- Education, Public Health Professional --- Medically Underserved Area --- Planning Techniques --- Health-Related Behavior --- Behavior, Health-Related --- Behaviors, Health-Related --- Health Related Behavior --- Health-Related Behaviors --- Health surveys --- Washington (D.C.) --- Health Services Needs and Demand. --- Statistics, Medical. --- Public health surveys --- Surveys


Book
Claims-Based Reporting of Post-Operative Visits for Procedures with 10- or 90-Day Global Periods: Final Report
Authors: --- --- ---
Year: 2021 Publisher: Santa Monica, Calif. RAND Corporation

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This report was initially published in 2019; this update was published in 2021 and includes clarification on RAND's definition of clean procedures. Medicare payment for most surgical procedures covers both the procedure and post-operative visits occurring within a global period of either ten or 90 days following the procedure. There have been concerns that fewer post-operative visits are provided than the number of post-operative visits considered when the procedure was valued. To help inform accurate valuation of procedures with global periods, Medicare required select practitioners to report on their post-operative visits beginning July 1, 2017. Medicare fee-for-service claims data from practitioners who billed Medicare for select procedure codes between July 1, 2017, and June 30, 2018, in the nine states where practitioners were required to report post-operative visits were analyzed. To correctly link a given procedure and post-operative visit(s), analyses were limited to procedures that did not occur within the global period of another procedure with a 10- or 90-day global period. There were 1.4 million procedures linked to 931,640 post-operative visits. The share of procedures with one or more associated post-operative visits reported was 3.7 percent for procedures with 10-day global periods and 70.9 percent for procedures with 90-day global periods. The ratios of observed to expected post-operative visits provided for procedures with 10- and 90-day global periods were 0.04 and 0.39, respectively. The low proportion of expected post-operative visits provided suggests the need to revalue procedures with a global period.

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Book
Food Insecurity Among Veterans: Examining the Discrepancy Between Veteran Food Insecurity and Use of the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP)
Authors: --- --- ---
Year: 2023 Publisher: RAND Corporation

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Food insecurity is linked to poorer physical and mental health, including an increased risk of suicide. Therefore, addressing the needs of food-insecure veterans is a national priority. The U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs conducts routine screenings to identify veterans at risk of food insecurity and refer them to sources of support. Nonetheless, food-insecure veterans are consistently less likely than their nonveteran peers to be enrolled in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP). This research adds to the evidence base on food-insecure veterans who do and do not enroll in SNAP, as well as differences between food-insecure veterans' and nonveterans' reasons for starting and ending — or losing — SNAP benefits and patterns in these groups' use of other safety-net programs. For example, veterans' benefits could push their income above the eligibility threshold for SNAP. Although it is a federal program, SNAP is administered by the states, and the RAND analyses highlighted potential policy options to facilitate SNAP access for food-insecure veterans. Two groups of food-insecure veterans were much less likely to participate in SNAP than their nonveteran peers: older veterans and those who were not in the workforce because of a disability. Increasing SNAP access for food-insecure veterans who are falling through the cracks is one immediate step toward eliminating food insecurity, but there is also a need for early interventions to identify and support service members who are at risk of becoming food insecure as veterans.

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Book
Claims-Based Reporting of Post-Operative Visits for Procedures with 10- or 90-Day Global Periods: Updated Results Using Calendar Year 2019 Data
Authors: --- --- --- ---
Year: 2021 Publisher: Santa Monica, Calif. RAND Corporation

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Abstract

Medicare payments for most surgical procedures cover both procedures and post-operative visits occurring within a global period of either 10 or 90 days following procedures. There have been concerns that fewer post-operative visits are provided than the number of post-operative visits considered when the procedure was valued. To help inform accurate valuation of procedures with global periods, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) required select practitioners to report on post-operative visits after select procedures with 10- or 90-day global periods. The authors of this report summarize patterns of post-operative visits for procedures furnished during calendar year 2019, building on two prior reports that analyzed data for procedures furnished from July 1, 2017, through June 30, 2018, and for the entire 2018 calendar year. During calendar year 2019, 96.5 percent of procedures with 10-day global periods did not have an associated post-operative visit. Approximately two-thirds of procedures with 90-day global periods had an associated post-operative visit; however, the ratio of observed to expected post-operative visits provided for 90-day global period procedures was only 0.38. Underreporting of post-operative visits might be driving these low rates. However, in sensitivity analyses limited to practitioners who were actively reporting their post-operative visits, post-operative patterns were largely similar to the main analysis. Collectively, these findings suggest that many expected post-operative visits are not delivered and that underreporting is unlikely to fully explain the low ratio of expected post-operative visits provided.

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Book
Using Claims-Based Estimates of Post-Operative Visits to Revalue Procedures with 10- and 90-Day Global Periods
Authors: --- --- --- --- --- et al.
Year: 2021 Publisher: Santa Monica, Calif. RAND Corporation

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Abstract

This report was initially published in 2019; this update was published in 2021 and includes clarification on RAND's definition of clean procedures. Medicare payment for many health care procedures covers not just the procedure itself but also most post-operative care over a fixed period of time (the "global period"). The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) sets payment rates assuming that a certain number and type of post-operative visits specific to each procedure typically occur. This report describes how CMS might use new claims-based data on the number of post-operative visits to adjust valuation for procedures with 10- and 90-day global periods. There are links between the number of bundled post-operative visits and the components of valuation addressed in this report: work, practice expense (PE), and malpractice relative value units (RVUs). There is some ambiguity regarding how a reduction in post-operative visits translates into changes in work RVUs. In contrast, a reduction in post-operative visits has clear implications on physician time and direct PE. Changes in physician work, physician time, and direct PE will in turn affect the allocation of pools of PE and malpractice RVUs to individual services. The idiosyncrasies of the resource-based relative value scale system used to determine payment for Medicare services result in some ambiguity about how procedures should be revalued to reflect reductions in post-operative visits. These results may inform further policy development around revaluation for global procedures.

Keywords


Book
Claims-Based Reporting of Post-Operative Visits for Procedures with 10- or 90-Day Global Periods: Updated Results Using Calendar Year 2018 Data
Authors: --- --- --- ---
Year: 2021 Publisher: Santa Monica, Calif. RAND Corporation

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Abstract

Medicare payments for most surgical procedures cover both procedures and post-operative visits occurring within a global period of either ten or 90 days following procedures. There have been concerns that fewer post-operative visits are provided than the number of post-operative visits considered when the procedure was valued. To help inform accurate valuation of procedures with global periods, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) required select practitioners to report on post-operative visits after select procedures with 10- or 90-day global periods. The authors of this report summarize patterns of post-operative visits for procedures furnished during calendar year 2018, building on a prior report that analyzed data for procedures with July 1, 2017, through June 30, 2018, service dates. During calendar year 2018, 96.5 percent of procedures with 10-day global periods did not have an associated post-operative visit. Approximately two-thirds of procedures with 90-day global periods had an associated post-operative visit; however, the ratio of observed to expected post-operative visits provided for 90-day global period procedures was only 0.38. Underreporting of post-operative visits might be driving these low rates. However, in sensitivity analyses limited to practitioners who were actively reporting their post-operative visits, post-operative patterns were largely similar to the main analysis. Collectively, these findings suggest that a large share of expected post-operative visits are not delivered, and that underreporting is unlikely to fully explain the low ratio of expected post-operative visits provided.

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Book
A Needs Assessment of Women Veterans in Western Pennsylvania: Final Report to Adagio Health
Authors: --- --- --- ---
Year: 2023 Publisher: RAND Corporation

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Women make up an increasingly large share of the U.S. veteran population, and their numbers continue to grow while the overall number of veterans is on the decline. Yet programs designed to support veterans' health and well-being have largely focused on men. Women's military experiences and postservice needs often differ from those of men, and women veterans also differ in significant ways from their nonveteran counterparts. Few studies have explored these variations, and this has translated to potentially missed opportunities to improve support for women during and after their transition from military to civilian life. Adagio Health, a provider of health, wellness, and nutrition services based in Western Pennsylvania, has taken steps to improve care for women veterans in its service area. To identify opportunities to further expand and enhance Adagio Health's efforts to support women veterans' health and wellness, the authors quantitatively and qualitatively assessed the needs of women veterans in the Adagio Health service area. The assessment provides a clearer picture of this often-underserved population, available services and resources, gaps in support, barriers to access, and areas to prioritize to provide the best support possible for the health and well-being of women who served. With the approaches recommended in this assessment, Adagio Health can continue increasing its capacities and capabilities for supporting its women veteran patients and making progress toward its goal of advancing their health and well-being.

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Book
Behavioral Health Care for National Guard and Reserve Service Members from the Military Health System
Authors: --- --- --- --- --- et al.
Year: 2021 Publisher: Santa Monica, Calif. RAND Corporation

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The Military Health System (MHS) aims to improve the health of all U.S. military personnel, provide the highest quality of care possible, maintain low per capita health care costs, and support overall military readiness. High-quality, evidence-based behavioral health treatment is central to individual well-being and the overall health of the force. However, there has been little research to date on the behavioral health care that National Guard and reserve personnel—collectively known as the reserve component (RC)—receive from the MHS. The full-time personnel in the U.S. military's active component (AC) overwhelmingly receive behavioral health care in military treatment facilities and generally from behavioral health specialty providers, RC personnel rely much more heavily on private-sector contracted care (also referred to as purchased care) and primary care providers. MHS administrative data indicate that RC personnel are less likely to receive recommended treatment for PTSD, depression, and substance use disorders. Likewise, RC personnel who live in areas that are remote from a military treatment facility are less likely than who do not to receive recommended treatment for these conditions. These findings, which focus on behavioral health care access and quality, highlight pathways to improvement for the MHS as part of its ongoing transition to a more centralized model for delivering and overseeing health care across the force.

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Book
Assessing Health and Human Services Needs to Support an Integrated Health in All Policies Plan for Prince George's County, Maryland
Authors: --- --- --- --- --- et al.
Year: 2021 Publisher: Santa Monica, Calif. RAND Corporation

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With evolving demographics and a changing health system landscape, the Prince George's County Council, acting as the County Board of Health, is considering its future policy approaches and resource allocations related to health and well-being. To inform this path forward, the authors of this report used primary and secondary data to describe both the health needs of county residents and drivers of health within the county, inclusive of the social, economic, built, natural, and health service environments. This report integrates these findings, an analysis of budget documents, and a review of promising practices from other communities to situate recommendations in a Health in All Policies framework to foster aligned and integrated planning and budgeting across the county to promote health and well-being. Findings from the assessment indicate a shared interest among leaders and residents to embrace a holistic strategy for health and well-being in the county. Inefficient uses of the health care system are identified, highlighting a need to rebalance investments in health care use and drivers of health. Additionally, challenges in navigating health and human services and inequities in drivers of health across communities are noted, signaling broader concerns related to residents' access to health and human services that influence health and well-being outcomes. Recommendations are provided for several paths forward for the county to pursue a more integrated policy approach to influence health and well-being outcomes.

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Book
Using Claims-Based Estimates of Post-Operative Visits to Revalue Procedures with 10- and 90-Day Global Periods: Updated Results Using Calendar Year 2019 Data
Authors: --- --- --- --- --- et al.
Year: 2021 Publisher: Santa Monica, Calif. RAND Corporation

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Abstract

Medicare payment for many health care procedures covers not only the procedure itself but also most post-operative care over a fixed period of time (the "global period"). The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) sets payment rates assuming that a certain number and type of post-operative visits specific to each procedure typically occur. This report describes how CMS might use claims-based data on the number of post-operative visits to adjust valuation for procedures with 10- and 90-day global periods. There are links between the number of bundled post-operative visits and the components of valuation addressed in this report: work, practice expense (PE), and malpractice relative value units (RVUs). There is some ambiguity regarding how a reduction in post-operative visits translates into changes in work RVUs. In contrast, a reduction in post-operative visits has clear implications on physician time and direct PE. Changes in physician work, physician time, and direct PE will, in turn, affect the allocation of pools of PE and malpractice RVUs to individual services. The idiosyncrasies of the resource-based relative value scale system used to determine payment for Medicare services result in some ambiguity about how procedures should be revalued to reflect reductions in post-operative visits. These results may inform further policy development around revaluation for global procedures.

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